Can Animals Think? What Does Research Tell Us?

Can animals think? People used to think this was a simple question and that the answer was nope. But it’s a complicated question with more answers than you can throw a stick at.

A Young Dog Named Wally. (Source: Photo by the Author.)

My History With This Question

One day, my grade school teacher declared that animals cannot think. Humans can think, but animals can’t. It was as simple as that. Even as a child, I…